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Una canción triste donde un esclavo de un español se caso y el español le pegavan la esclavo esposa
→ “A sad song where a slave of a Spaniard got married and the Spaniard beat his slave wife”
Una canción — song — literally 'singing'
triste — sad — from the verb 'tristar' (to sadden)
donde — where — introduces a relative clause
un esclavo — slave — literally 'one who is enslaved'
de — of / from — shows possession or origin
un español — Spaniard — literally 'Spanish person'
se — himself / reflexive pronoun — indicates the action reflects back on the subject
caso — got married — from the verb 'casarse' (to get married)
y — and — connects two clauses
el español — Spaniard — again, 'Spanish person'
le pegavan — were beating / used to beat — from the verb 'pegar' (to hit/beat) in past tense
la esclavo — slave — same as before, but here it's feminine because it refers to 'esposa'
esposa — wife — literally 'married woman'
