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昨日確信したんだけど、俺の部下、俺から指示を受けた時だけ…
→ “I realized yesterday, but only when my subordinates take orders from me...”
昨日 kinō¹ = yesterday (noun)
確信 kakushin = conviction / certainty (noun)
確 tashi = firm / sure
信 shin = faith / belief
した shita = did / past tense of 'to do' (v.)
んだけど n dakedo = but... / and yet (conjunction phrase)
俺 ore = I / me (masculine pronoun, informal)
の no = 's / of (possessive particle)
部下 buha = subordinate / employee (noun)
俺から ore kara = from me (noun + source particle)
指示 shiji = instruction / order (noun)
を o = object marker (particle)
受けた uketa = received / got (past tense of 'to receive') (v.)
時 toki = time / moment (noun)
だけ dake = only / just (adverbial particle)